Plattform
php
Komponente
composer/composer
Behoben in
2.3.1
1.0.1
2.9.6
CVE-2026-40261 is a Command Injection vulnerability affecting Composer versions between 1.0.0 and 2.9.6. The vulnerability arises from insufficient input validation within the Perforce::syncCodeBase() method, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary commands through a crafted source reference. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized code execution and potential system compromise. The vulnerability is fixed in version 2.9.6.
The vulnerability lies within the Perforce::syncCodeBase() method, where the $sourceReference parameter is appended to a shell command without proper escaping. An attacker can craft a malicious source reference containing shell metacharacters, allowing them to inject and execute arbitrary commands. This is particularly concerning as Composer is often used in automated build and deployment pipelines, granting attackers a potential foothold into sensitive environments. The vulnerability also mirrors a similar issue in Perforce::generateP4Command(), where user-supplied Perforce connection parameters were also improperly escaped. Even if Perforce isn't installed, Composer will still attempt to execute the injected commands, expanding the attack surface. Successful exploitation could lead to data theft, system takeover, and lateral movement within the network.
CVE-2026-40261 was published on 2026-04-15. The vulnerability shares similarities with CVE-2026-40176, highlighting a pattern of insufficient input validation in Perforce-related functions. Currently, there are no publicly available exploits, but the ease of exploitation and the widespread use of Composer suggest a high probability of exploitation. The EPSS score is likely to be assessed as medium to high, reflecting the potential impact and relative ease of exploitation. Monitor security advisories and threat intelligence feeds for any signs of active exploitation campaigns.
Exploit-Status
EPSS
0.04% (12% Perzentil)
CISA SSVC
CVSS-Vektor
The primary mitigation is to upgrade Composer to version 2.9.6 or later, which contains the necessary fixes. If an immediate upgrade is not possible due to compatibility issues or breaking changes, consider implementing temporary workarounds. One approach is to sanitize the $sourceReference parameter before it's used in the shell command, ensuring that any potentially malicious characters are removed or escaped. Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) or proxies can be configured to inspect and block requests containing suspicious shell metacharacters in the source reference. Furthermore, restrict the permissions of the user account running Composer to minimize the potential impact of a successful command injection attack. After upgrading, confirm the fix by attempting to trigger the vulnerable code path with a crafted source reference and verifying that the command is not executed.
Actualice Composer a la versión 2.2.27 o superior (2.2 LTS) o a la versión 2.9.6 (mainline). Como alternativa, evite instalar dependencias desde el código fuente utilizando la opción --prefer-dist o la configuración preferred-install: dist, y solo utilice repositorios de Composer de confianza.
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CVE-2026-40261 is a Command Injection vulnerability in Composer allowing attackers to execute arbitrary commands due to improper escaping of user input.
You are affected if you are using Composer versions between 1.0.0–>= 2.3.0 and < 2.9.6. Check your Composer version and upgrade if necessary.
Upgrade Composer to version 2.9.6 or later to resolve the vulnerability. Implement input validation as a temporary workaround if upgrading is not possible.
While no active campaigns are confirmed, the vulnerability's severity and ease of exploitation suggest it is likely to be targeted. Monitor your systems for suspicious activity.
Refer to the official CVE entry on the NVD website (https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40261) and the Composer security advisory for detailed information.
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